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Jan.

01, 1970

Difference Between One-Way Valve and Check Valve

One-way valve is sometimes called a check valve. One-way valve is a device in which fluid can only flow along the water inlet, but the medium at the outlet cannot flow back. The function of the check valve is to prevent the medium in the pipeline from flowing back.

 

Difference Between a One-Way Valve and a Check Valve

 

A one-way valve is a controlled-type valve designed primarily to maintain pipeline pressure. In contrast, a check valve is an uncontrolled one-way valve that primarily prevents backflow without requiring external pressure regulation. While both types of valves allow fluid to flow in one direction, their functions differ: a one-way valve actively controls pressure, whereas a check valve operates passively, relying on natural flow dynamics.

 

A one-way valve ensures that fluid flows only in the designated direction, preventing backflow from the outlet. It is essentially a type of check valve. Swing check valves, a common type of check valve, can be installed in various orientations, including horizontal, vertical, or inclined pipelines. Regardless of placement, it is crucial to align the flow direction with the arrow marked on the valve body to avoid obstruction.

 

Additionally, bottom valves, a type of check valve, are installed at the bottom of pump suction lines. When a check valve closes, it can generate water hammer pressure, which may lead to damage in pipelines, valves, or equipment—especially in large-diameter or high-pressure systems. Therefore, careful selection of check valves is essential to ensure system safety and efficiency.

 

In summary, a check valve is a one-way valve that prevents backflow in pipelines or equipment, while a one-way valve offers additional pressure control functionality.

 

One-Way Valve


One-Way Valve

 

A one-way valve, also known as a check valve, is a type of seat valve used in hydraulic systems to prevent reverse oil flow.

 

There are two main types of one-way valves: straight-through and right-angle. The straight-through one-way valve is installed in pipelines using a threaded connection. The right-angle one-way valve is available in three connection types: threaded, plate-mounted, and flanged.

 

A hydraulically controlled one-way valve, also called a lock valve or pressure-holding valve, functions similarly by preventing reverse flow. However, unlike a standard one-way valve, it allows controlled reverse flow when needed. By applying oil pressure, the valve can be opened, enabling bidirectional oil flow.

 

This type of valve features a tapered valve core, ensuring excellent sealing performance. It can also serve as a one-way locking mechanism in hydraulic circuits to maintain pressure. There are two configurations for controlling oil leakage: internal leakage and external leakage. The internal drain type is suitable for systems where the reverse outlet has no back pressure, while the external drain type is used when back pressure is present, helping to reduce the control oil pressure.

 

Check Valve

 

A check valve is a specific type of valve, and the one-way valve can be considered a form of check valve. A check valve is a one-way valve designed to prevent the backflow of fluid in various pipelines or equipment.

 

There are several types of check valves:

 

1. Spring-Type Check Valve: In this type, the liquid flows from the bottom to the top, and the valve flap is controlled by a spring. When pressure is applied, the valve flap is pushed open, and once the pressure drops, the spring forces the valve flap back down to seal the fluid and prevent backflow. This type is typically used for smaller diameter check valves.

 

2. Gravity-Type Check Valve: Similar to the spring-type valve, this valve relies on the weight of the valve flap to close it, preventing backflow when the fluid pressure is insufficient to keep it open.

 

3. Swing-Type Check Valve: In this design, the liquid flows directly through the valve body, and the rotating disc on one side opens under pressure. When the pressure drops, the disc returns to its closed position under its own weight, sealing against reverse flow.

 

4. Other One-Way (Check) Valves: There are also specialized check valves, such as sewage check valves, designed for specific applications.

 

Working Principle of the One-Way Valve

 

A one-way valve allows airflow in only one direction, completely sealing in the opposite direction. When air pressure is applied to the left side of the valve, the pressure acting on the valve core overcomes the combined force of the spring and friction, causing the valve core to open. This allows airflow to pass through, connecting the air inlet and outlet. The flow of air from left to right is referred to as forward flow.

 

To maintain stable airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet, a certain pressure difference must be maintained between the two sides to keep the valve open. If air pressure is applied to the air outlet, the valve prevents air from flowing in or out, blocking reverse airflow entirely.

 

Working Principle of the Check Valve

 

A check valve is a type of valve that automatically opens and closes the valve flap based on the flow of the medium, preventing backflow. It is also known as a one-way valve, reverse flow valve, or back pressure valve. Check valves are a form of automatic valve primarily used to prevent the backflow of the medium, safeguarding pumps and drive motors from reverse operation and preventing the discharge of container contents.

 

Check valves can also be used in supply pipelines for auxiliary systems where the pressure may exceed the system pressure. They are typically divided into two types: swing check valves, which rotate around a center of gravity, and lift check valves, which move along an axis.

 

The primary function of a check valve is to allow the medium to flow in one direction only, while blocking reverse flow. The valve operates automatically: when fluid flows in the intended direction, the valve flap opens. If the fluid reverses direction, the valve flap seals against the valve seat, preventing the flow.

 

 


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